Horseshoe calk and process of making the same



R. WHITAKER, JR

HORSESHOE CALK AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 5, 1924 Patented Sept. 28, 1926.

UNITED STATES g 1,601,462 PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD WHITAKER, JR., OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO EVER- SI-IARP MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, A COR- PORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HORSESHOE CALK AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.'

Application filed January 5, 1924. Serial No. 684,551.

In carrying outthe present invention it is my purpose to improve and simplify the general construction of horseshoe calks of the self-sharpening variety and to improve and simplify the process of makingsuch calks, my present invention being in the nature of an improvement upon my prior Patent No. 1,158,877 issued to me November 2, 1915.

It is also my purpose to provide a horse shoe calk of the self-sharpening variety which will possess the maximum strength and durability and which may be manufactured and marketed at small cost.

Furthermore, I aim to simplify the process by which such horse shoe calks are made so that the process of manufacture may be carried out with a minimum of expense and maintenance.

l/Vith the above recited objects in view, and others of a similar nature, the invention resides in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts set forth in and falling within the scope of the appended claim.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a horse shoe calk constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the same.

Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views illustrating the process of manufacture.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, 1 designates my improved calk preferably of pyramidal form and made of soft steel. This calk is provided with a hard steel center or core 2 by which the calk has the self-sharpening quality well understood in this art. In accordance with my invention the core 2 extends for the major portion of the length of calk and projects well into the shank 3 which, in the present instance, is screw threaded in order to engage with the horse shoe.

In the manufacture of my improved calk, a rod of soft steel having a diameter somewhat less than that of the shank of the calk is cut into lengths 4, as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, each length being somewhat greater than the completed calk, in order that the process of manufacture may be properly carried out. The length of soft steel 4 is placed in the bore 5 of a matrix 6,

the bore 5 of the matrix being of greater length than the similar dimension of the section of steel 4,'as clearly illustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings. This piece of steel, 4, after being placed in the matrix, is subjected to the action of a punch 7 at the open end of the bore 5, which produces a centering depression 8 in the upper end of the section ofsoft steel 4, clearly shown in Figure 5 of the drawings. This centering depression 8 tapers downwardly, as in Figure 5, and during the punching operation the metal of the length 4 of soft steel is increased longitudinally, while the crossdimension remains the same, owing to the bore of the matrix. This piece 5 is now put in a drilling machine, the drill being centered by the depression 8, and the hole 9 is bored or drilled in the piece 5. This hole or bore 9 extends through the major portion of the piece 4 and terminates just short of one end of the piece, while at the other end of the piece it opens into the depression 8. A center pin 10 made of high carbon steel is then dropped into the bore 9, and one end of the center piece rests upon the closed end of the bore, while the other end projects slightly beyond the other end of the piece 4, as clearly illustrated in Figure 6 of the draw ings. This center pin 10 is made of steel wire cut to the proper length and is of uniform diameter throughout its length to correspond to the diameter of the bore 9 when the pin is inserted in the bore. The piece 4 of soft steel with the pin 10 in the bore is then subjected to the action of dies 1112, as shown in Figure 7 of the drawings. The matrix formed by the dies 1112 is of less length than the corresponding diameter of the assembled elements 4 and 10, so that when the dies are moved together the piece 4 and the pin 10 arereduced longitudinally. The dies are so formed that in the swaging operation, a shoulder 13 is formed on the exterior of the piece 4 and the pin 10 is bulged outwardly in the form of an annular bead 14 at a point coincident with the plane of the shoulder 13, as clearly shown in Figure 7 of the drawing. This annular bead 14, of course, fits into a corresponding groove that it presses into the bore 9 of the piece 4. Thus the bead 14 and the shoulder 13 serve to strengthen and reinforce the calk. The shank 3 below the shoulder 13 is now threaded in order that the calk may be attached to the horse shoe.

The action of the swaging dies l112 not only forms the shoulder 13 and the bead 14, as just described, but also acts to taper the exterior of the body 1 and to close the wall of the depression 8 tightly about the outer end of the pin 10.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the center pin is secured firmly in position so that it will retain the place in the call: to

whatever extent the calk is worn.

The stem of the calk may now be threaded, as at 3, in Figure 1, and the soft steel body tempered, as is usual.

While I have herein shown and described one preferred form of my invention by way of illustration, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit or confine myselfto the precise details of construction herein described and delineated, as modifications and variations may be made within the scope of the claim and without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described the invention,what is claimed as new, is

The process of making horse shoe calks provided with hard centers which consists in inserting a high carbon steel pin of uniform diameter within an opening of like diameter formed in a length of soft steel, and then swaging or upsetting the assembled structure lengthwise so as to give the form to the calk, and simultaneously swa'ge or upset the metal of the soft steel to provide a shoulder and the metal of the pin to provide a bead engaging the metal of the soft steel at a point coincident with the plane oi the shoulder, whereby the assembled structure is strengthened.

In testimony whereof, I aiiix my signature.

RICHARD NHIILAKEE, JR, 

